Supreme Court Highest Jurisdication In World

In most of the countries, the Supreme Court as the highest crown of jurisdiction. The rulings given by this court are beyond any challenge. However, there are still some exceptions where the Supreme Court is not considered as the highest authority.

Some countries and subordinate states pursue the American model in which Supreme Court has the ultimate power to interpret that jurisdiction's constitution. The Austrian model has place for a separate constitutional court. This kind of model was originated in the Czechoslovakia. The countries like Finland, Sweden, Czech Republic and Poland, have separate Supreme Administrative Courtwhose decisions are absolute and whose jurisdiction does not interfere with the Supreme Court.

In the United States, Supreme Court is the uppermost court. It has the power of judicial review. This power was first affirmed in Marbury v. Madison (1803). Each U.S. state is provided with a state supreme court. It is not that all of them use the term supreme court. In Maine and Massachusetts the highest court is designed the as Supreme Judicial Court. The Court of Appeals in New York, Maryland, and the District of Columbia are considered as the highest court.

The Supreme Court of Canada was set up in 1875. But it got its status as the highest court in the country only in 1949. As earlier there was the right of appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council was prevailed.

In the United Kingdom the Supreme Court is divided into three different legal systems for England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. This is a distinctive model that has been followed by several other nations across the globe.

The Supreme Court of India was formed on January 28, 1950. In India the Supreme Court is a constitutional authority, which is free from any political intrusions. Indian Penal Code is applicable all over India excluding only the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The state High Courts have to obey the rulings given by Supreme Court. Only the exceptional mercy petition of capital punishments may be passed on to the President of India.

In Australia, the High Court of Australia was transformed into the highest court with the passing of the Australia Act in 1986. It is utterly confusing that each state and territory has its own Supreme Court that acts as the highest court in that state/territory. Though the term supreme court actually refers to the court of last resort but deliberately the High Court of Australia was not mentioned as the supreme court due to some entirely historical reasons.Other than these countries New Zealand, Hong Kong, Israel also has unique kind of supreme courts. Supreme court